关键词：变形子控制；韧性结晶固体胶；静脉结构
摘 要：Deformation substructures control plastic, creep, fatigue and fracture properties of ductile crystalline solids. The key ingredient of a substructure is a spontaneously formed dislocation arrangement - dislocation structure. The present notes provide 5 different, complementary points of view which present the dislocation structure formation as a multi scale phenomenon: (ⅰ) The basic concepts of dislocation theory and plasticity of single crystals and polycrystals (Section 2). (ⅱ) A "gallery" of commented pictures of dislocation structures as seen by a transmission electron microscope (Section 3). (ⅲ) Discrete dislocation dynamics (Section 4). (ⅳ) An attempt to formulate statistics of dislocations as a transition from discrete dislocation dynamics to continuum crystal plasticity capable of modeling dislocation structure formation (Section 5). (ⅴ) Two continuous models of dislocation structure formation: one dimensional model simulating a formation of vein structure and its transformation into a ladder structure of a persistent slip band (Section 6.1), and a model of misoriented dislocation cells (Section 6.2).