关键词：太阳能电池；电磁逆设计；陷光结构
摘 要：Light trapping in solar cells allows for increased eciency and reduced materials cost. It is well known that a 4n2 factor of enhancement in absorption can be achieved by randomly texturing the surface of the solar cell, where n is the refractive index of the material. However, this limit only holds when the thickness of the solar cell is much greater than the wavelength of light. In the subwavelength regime, the fundamental question remains unanswered: what surface texture realizes the optimal absorption enhancement? We turn to computational inverse electromagnetic design in order to nd nanoscale textures for light trapping, and observe spontaneous symmetry breaking in the creation of optimal design.