关键词：环境监测；生物标记物
摘 要：It is therefore extremely important to use biomarkers towards the prevention of events that are harmful both to man and ecosystems. Biomarkers and bioindica-tors could be used also as potential tools for environmental quality assessement during judicial proceedings. One biomarker alone might not be sufficient to monitor the environmental quality. In general, it is necessary to have a battery of biomarkers allowing the evaluation of the physiological integrity of all species present in a given ecosystem. Batteries of biomarkers should be capable to assess the toxic effects of the highest possible number of environmental contaminants [73]. Generally, biomarkers do not show one single dose-response relationship but a number of dose-response relationships that are the result of all possible interactions of all contaminants present in the ecosystem under study. So, battery of biomarkers allows to determine at what level of structural complexity a given response to a toxic compound in a given ecosystem occurs. In brief, the multiple response concept shows that through biomarkers it is possible to determine the "health level" of the population studied. The change in the homoeostasis present in an ecosystem trigger off a series of compensatory mechanism both at the biochemical and the physiological level. These mechanisms tend to restore the initial homoeostatic situation. The more toxic concentrations or time of exposure increase the more the responses turn out to be insufficient with subsequent occurrence of other responses at higher levels all the way up to significant phenomena, such as bacterial infections, parasitism, car-cinogenesis and finally the death of the organisms