关键词：燃料电池；电动工具；智能电网
摘 要：Hybrids, plug-in hybrids, and battery electrics are conservatively estimated to reach a 5 percent national car park by 2030. Drastic increases in the price of gasoline resulting from oil shocks or major shifts in national energy and environmental policy, however, may push Electric Vehicles (EV) quickly beyond this small share. Should such critical changes occur, EVs will be poised to move beyond their current niche to gain wider scale acceptance and integration into transportation and energy infrastructure. EV battery technology has not improved to the degree needed to achieve the same range mobility as conventionally fueled vehicles. Electric powertrain hybridization and incorporation of regenerative systems such as braking and flywheels are steadily, but only incrementally, improving EV fuel efficiency and range performance. New Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) regulations in the next decade may drive the light-weighting or downsizing of some vehicle categories to achieve more aggressive fuel economy requirements, especially absent a breakthrough in vehicle battery technology. Light-weighting for battery electrics may be critical. Studies indicate that if primary vehicle mass is reduced between 40-59 percent, battery size and cost may be cut by nearly half without reductions in performance.