关键词：磁性纳米粒子；生物分子；生物医药
摘 要：Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are one of the materials of great interest for presenting a unique combination of relevant properties such as high surface area, magnetic behavior and low toxicity, which can find potential use in different processes and applications in areas as catalysis (Lu et al., 2007), data storage (Frey et al., 2009), water treatment (Meng et al., 2011), drug delivery system (Anirudhan et al., 2013b), DNA separation (Chiang et al., 2005), tissue engineering (Ito and Honda, 2007), sensors (Baby and Ramaprabhu, 2010), hyperthermia (Alphandery et al., 2012), ferrofluids (Hee Kim et al., 2005), and as contrast agents in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging (Choi et al., 2004). Modification of the particle surface induces changes in some properties such as high magnetization values and stable water dispersion and recent advances in nanotechnology have improved the range of use of MNPs in diagnosis and therapy. Among the biological uses of MNPs, we can highlight the biomedical imaging and therapeutic applications. Chemical modifications of the MNPs surface might result in non-toxic and biocompatible nanoparticles for biomedical applications like the development of new targeted nanoparticles for drug delivery systems for specific tissues. As previously mentioned, MNPs are used as a targeted carrier to be available for drug delivery to the specific site under the influence of a guiding magnet for treatment of diseases. Furthermore, MNPs offer excellent prospects for chemical and biological sensing. In the case of bioanalytical applications, MNPs can be adopted as nanoparticle-modined transducers for use as sensors and biomolecule-nanoparticle conjugates as labels for biosensing and bioassays. In the present review we will discuss current uses of MNPs in biomedicine and nanomedicine.