关键词：能源效率指数；硅晶体管；原子构成
摘 要：The exponential improvements in speed, energy efficiency, and cost that the computerindustry has relied on for growth during the last 50 years are in danger of ending within thedecade. These improvements all have relied on scaling the size of the silicon-based transistor that is at the heart of every modern CPU down to smaller and smaller length scales. However, as the size of the transistor reaches scales that are measured in the number of atoms that make it up, it is clear that this scaling cannot continue forever.