The Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) Association predicts that there will be nearly 50 billion connected devices by 2025, nearly ten times the worlds predicted human population. ABI estimates that through 2012, Machine-to-Machine connected devices will grow by 100m units per year by 2012.1 An M2M module uses a device to capture an event (temperature, activation of airbags, etc.), which is relayed through a network, either wireless or wired, to an application, such as a software program, that translates the captured event into meaningful information (e.g., ice warning, crash notification). An M2M device typically converts analog sensor data into internet protocol (IP) packets for transmission over a communications medium. M2M applications are often characterized by the absence of a human decision maker directly controlling communications intensity, frequency and costs, though there are M2M applications in the transportation sector that also require interaction with drivers. M2M devices can be transmitted over a variety of communications mediums including mobile satellite services, cellular networks, and even combinations of carriers and carrier coverage areas across several networks. Hybrid wireless solutions include intermediary devices such as cellular modems connected to an M2M endpoint via wireless local, personal area or near field communications networks such as Wi-Fi, ZigBee, Bluetooth or Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). The most common communications system for M2M in use today in North America is second generation (2G) wireless, using either General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) or Short Message Service (SMS), which uses signaling protocols that set up and tear down voice calls to transmit small amounts of data.

关键词：汽车；通讯；无线通讯；软件程序；移动卫星服务

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This paper proposes a wheel slip control strategy for 4WD Electrical Vehicle with In-wheel Motors.In the first part of this paper,a brief introduction of sliding mode control for acceleration slip regulation is given.Consider that its control effect varies with road conditions,another algorithm which can automatically adapt to different roads is designed.This method takes advantage of the peculiarity of the longitudinal static tire force curve and regulates wheel slip ratio to the detected optimal value,aiming to maximize the traction force while preserving sufficient lateral tire force.Simulation results show that the slip rate can be regulated to a value around the optimal slip ratio,and the driving torque is very close to the maximum transmissible torque.The control strategy achieves stronger stability,shorter driving distance and hence better control performance.

关键词：电动汽车；ASR；自适应滑模控制

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With efforts to reduce the cost, size, and thermal management systems for the power electronics drivetrain in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), wide band gap semiconductors including silicon carbide (SiC) have been identified as possibly being a partial solution. Research on SiC power electronics has shown their higher efficiency compared to Si power electronics due to significantly lower conduction and switching losses. This paper focuses on the development of a high power module based on SiC JFETs and Schottky diodes. Characterization of a single device, a module developed using the same device, and finally an inverter built using the modules is presented. When tested at moderate load levels compared to the inverter rating, an efficiency of 98.2was achieved by the initial prototype.

关键词：混合动力电动汽车；半导体设备；电子设备；逆变器

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Oshkosh Corporation (OSK) is taking an aggressive approach to implementing advanced technologies, including hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) technology, throughout their commercial and military product lines. These technologies have important implications for OSK's commercial and military customers, including fleet fuel efficiency, quiet operational modes, additional on-board electric capabilities, and lower thermal signature operation. However, technical challenges exist with selecting the optimal HEV components and design to work within the performance and packaging constraints of specific vehicle applications. OSK desires to use unique expertise developed at the Department of Energy's (DOE) National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), including HEV modeling and simulation. These tools will be used to overcome technical hurdles to implementing advanced heavy vehicle technology that meet performance requirements while improving fuel efficiency.

关键词：混合动力电动车;计算机辅助设计;汽车工程;燃油效率

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The parameters matching of the hybrid powertrain system of the hybrid electric vehicle has a directly impact on the performance of the vehicle dynamic and the fuel economy.The preliminary match of the powertrain system base on analysis of Driving Cycle is done,then the software of AVL-Cruise and Matlab are integrated with Isight to optimize parameters of match,by using the Multi-Island GA and NLPQL to establish the combinatorial optimization algorithm.The results show that the fuel economy have been improved by 10.92％ without sacrificing the dynamic performance and under the premise of ensuring the limits of the state of charge of battery.

关键词：混合动力电动汽车，行驶工况分析；动力总成系统匹配；组合优化算法

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Hybrid electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, and battery electric vehicles offer the potential to reduce both oil imports and greenhouse gases, as well as to offer a financial benefit to the driver.

关键词：汽车;加速;福利;驾驶模拟器

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This report focuses on the light-duty vehicle sector in the United States and restricts its discussion of electric vehicles to plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), which include battery electric vehicles (BEVs)1 and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). The common feature of these vehicles is that their batteries are charged by being plugged into the electric grid. BEVs differ from PHEVs because they operate solely on electricity stored in a battery (that is, there is no other power source); PHEVs have internal combustion engines that can supplement the electric power train. The electric vehicle offers many promisesincreasing U.S. energy security by reducing petroleum dependence, contributing to climate-change initiatives by decreasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, stimulating long-term economic growth through the development of new technologies and industries, and improving public health by improving local air quality. There are, however, substantial technical, social, and economic barriers to widespread adoption of electric vehicles, including vehicle cost, small driving range, long charging times, and the need for a charging infrastructure. In addition, people are unfamiliar with electric vehicles, are uncertain about their costs and benefits, and have diverse needs that current electric vehicles might not meet. Although a person might derive some personal benefits from ownership, the costs of achieving the social benefits, such as reduced GHG emissions, are borne largely by the people who purchase the vehicles. Given the recognized barriers to electric-vehicle adoption, Congress asked the Department of Energy (DOE) to commission a study by the National Academies to address market barriers that are slowing the purchase of electric vehicles and hindering the deployment of supporting infrastructure.

关键词：电动车；排放；插电式电动车；温室效应气体

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This paper proposes a charging algorithm which is based on the Estimation of Distribution Algorithm (EDA) for Plug in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV).The proposed algorithm shifts the peak of power supply,satisfies the requested State of Charge (SoC [％]),and minimizes the charging cost.The proposed algorithm uses flexible weight for charging and upper charging limit to each PHEV to minimize the charge amount in peak time.The simulation result shows that the proposed algorithm shifts the peak of power supply in commute time zones,satisfies SoC of 93％ PHEVs,and reduces charging cost by 31％ compared with conventional EDA algorithm.

关键词：混合动力汽车;智能电网;分配算法估计

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Vehicle power train plays an important role to develop the energy efficient and reduce fuel consumption.In this paper,the drive train fuzzy controller structure and the fuzzy logic control strategies of parallel hybrid vehicles is presented.Simulation results illustrate the potential of the proposed controller and control strategy in terms of fuel economy and in keeping the deviations of SOC at a low level.

关键词：混合动力电动汽车动力传动系统；模糊控制器的结构；模糊逻辑控制策略

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Wireless power transfer (WPT) is a convenient, safe, and autonomous means for electric and plug-in hybrid electric vehicle charging that has seen rapid growth in recent years for stationary applications. WPT does not require bulky contacts, plugs, and wires, is not affected by dirt or weather conditions, and is as efficient as conventional charging systems. This study summarizes some of the recent Sustainable Campus Initiative activities of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in WPT charging of an on-campus vehicle (a Toyota Prius plug-in hybrid electric vehicle). Laboratory development of the WPT coils, high-frequency power inverter, and overall systems integration are discussed. Results cover the coil performance testing at different operating frequencies, airgaps, and misalignments. Some of the experimental results of insertion loss due to roadway surfacing materials in the air-gap are presented. Experimental lessons learned are also covered in this study.

关键词：混合动力电动汽车；动力传动；电费用；电子线圈

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