Protein ingredients are protein-rich materials used as ingredients in food, beverages, and feed products such as dietary supplements, sports nutrition products, bakery products, dairy products, ready meals, infant formula, and desserts. They are rich in nutrients with the correct amount of amino acids and they provide essential nutrients to humans and animals. They are also used for combatting nutritional deficiencies and to tackle problems such as cardiovascular diseases, weight management, and many other problems. Protein ingredients can be both animal-based (derived from products produced by animals) such as egg, whey, and casein, and plant-based (derived from plants) such as soy, wheat, and pea.

Ready meals refer to meals that contain ingredients which have been pre-cooked, or meals that have been prepared in advance and are in a frozen, dried, chilled, or canned state. They are an easy alternative to food prepared at home, and can be prepared or consumed easily by thawing or heating. Ready meals are generally prepared based on recipes and cuisines inspired from different cultures. They are packaged food products that contain all the elements for either a single serving or for two servings. Ready meals are promoted and presented by vendors as a quick and time-saving alternative, which only require to be heated before consumption. They save time and effort for consumers as they do not require food to be prepared from scratch.