关键词：无线传感器网络；传感器；可靠性；网络长寿
摘 要：In numerous applications of wireless sensor networks, the reliability of the data collected by sensors is cast as specific QoS requirements expressed in terms of the minimum number of sensors needed to perform various tasks. Designing a long-lived sensor network with reliable performance has always been challenging due to the modest non-renewable energy budget of individual sensors. In order to promote network longevity, this chapter looks at two energy-aware task management protocols: the first protocol is centralized, while the second one is fully distributed. Both protocols assign sensors to tasks based on their remaining energy so that energy expenditure among neighboring sensors is as even as possible. We compare the network longevity, i.e., the functional lifetime of the sensor network, achieved by assigning tasks to sensors using the proposed protocols against an optimal task assignment and also against energy-oblivious protocols. Extensive simulation results have revealed that the performance of the proposed protocols is very close to that of the optimal task assignment. Furthermore, our simulations have shown that the proposed protocols can increase the functional longevity of the network by about 16%.