关键词：不确定性建模；概率系统；优化控制；形式技术
摘 要：We present a framework to design and verify the behavior of stochastic systems whose parameters are not known with certainty but are instead affected by modeling uncertainties, due for example to modeling errors, non-modeled dynamics or inaccuracies in the probability estimation. Our framework can be applied to the analysis of intrinsically randomized systems (e.g., random back off schemes in wireless protocols) and of abstractions of deterministic systems whose dynamics are interpreted stochastically to simplify their representation (e.g., the forecast of wind availability).