At the central governmental level, the Indian oil and gas sector is governed by the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas. The ministry has responsibility for all aspects of the sector, including exploration, production, refining, distribution, marketing and trade. Governance at the regional level varies by state. Some states (such as Rajasthan and Gujarat) have established energy directorates; in others, the role is subsumed within the departments of industry and commerce. The main regulatory bodies are the Directorate General of Hydrocarbons and the Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board, which regulate the upstream and downstream sectors, respectively. Various other government bodies perform functions relevant to the oil and gas sector. These include the Centre for High Technology, the Oil Industry Development Board, the Oil Industry Safety Directorate, the Petroleum Conservation and Research Association and the Petroleum Planning and Analysis Cell.

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