关键词：光机电；传感器；CMOS；偏振导航
摘 要：The navigational strategies of insects using skylight polarization are interesting for applications in autonomous agent navigation because they rely on very little information for navigation. The skylight polarization pattern for navigation varies in a systematic fashion both in plane (e-vector) and degree of polarization, depending only on the direction of the observation point relative to the angular position of the sun. This is found to be very efficient and reliable for real time navigation. In this chapter, a polarization navigation sensor using the Stokes parameters to determine the orientation and position is presented. Section 6.1 discusses the two most common navigation algorithms prevalent in most animals: egocentric and geocentric. The working principle of the implemented algorithm is based on egocentric navigation, predominant in insects. The celestial compass based on skylight polarization is presented in section 6.2. Section 6.3 discusses the navigation compass employed by insects and in section 6.4 some of the implemented models for autonomous agent navigation based on the insect's model are presented. In section 6.5 the proposed polarization based compass is presented. The variation in the degree of polarization with changes in the polarized light can be used as a compass and conversely from the degree of polarization the incoming light ray direction can be determined. The computation of ellipticity and azimuthal angles allows for on-chip position detection based on the angle of the incoming light ray with little complexity. This can further be used as a sun position detector based on the skylight polarization. The ability to compute on-chip or in real-time the positional information would result in highly miniaturized navigational sensors.