Data centers are the largest consumers of electricity in the world. A data center can
consume power ranging from 100 kW to over 100 MW. The incoming power to the
facility from the utility feed is 2−33 kV, which is reduced to 480 V using on-site
transformers. The power from the transformer is fed into the switchgear or automatic
transfer switches (ATS), which is connected in parallel to the generator to supply
backup power during outages. The switchgear is connected to the UPS systems in the
data center, which, in turn, is connected to floor power distribution units (PDUs). The
power from the floor PDUs is then transferred to the rack PDUs in data centers, which
powers the IT infrastructures inside the rack. The below is among the commonly
used power distribution in data centers from utility feeds to rack cabinets.