Solar Pumps: A solar pump comprises a pump and a photovoltaic (PV) panel. Power is generated when the panel is exposed to sunlight, and this mechanism is used to pump water. AC Solar Pumps: In an AC solar pump, the motor works on alternating current, that is, the direct current generated by the panels is converted into alternating current through an inverter. DC Solar Pumps: A DC solar pump runs on a motor that operates on direct current; hence, it does not require a battery or an inverter. DC pumps offer higher efficiency and are more affordable than AC pumps. However, the repair and maintenance of DC pumps is difficult when compared to AC solar pumps. Surface Solar Pumps: Ideally, these pumps are used when the suction head is limited to a few feet. They offer higher volume discharge when compared to submersible solar pumps and also require little maintenance. Surface pumps can be used when large volumes of water need to be transferred over a certain distance.

Industrial battery is used in remote, difficult-to-reach areas where equipment/devices are required to be selfpowered, and recharging & replacement of batteries is difficult or is not possible. The basic components equipped in these batteries majorly include cathode, anode, and electrolyte, out of which the cathode occupies around 30% of the overall battery cost. For the purpose of analysis, the report segments the global industrial batteries market based on type, application, and region. The report provides information about various types of industrial batteries available in the market such as lithium-ion battery nickel-based, and lead-based. The application covered in the study include telecom & data communication, uninterruptible power supply (UPS), energy, equipment, grid storage, and others. Moreover, it analyzes the current market trends of industrial batteries across different regions such as North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and LAMEA and suggests the future growth opportunities.

Increasing developments, such as advanced SCADA and communication technologies, are driving the substation market. The communication channel is an integral part of the substation automation as all the IEDs and monitoring devices that are located at the substation and on the field generate data that has to be passed on to the utility data center, which is remotely located. However, the lack of interoperability and global standards are restricting industry growth. Manufacturers in the industry are increasingly focusing on building common standards to eliminate the issue.

Green hydrogen is made from regenerative energy sources through water electrolysis. With the help of electric current, water is divided into oxygen and hydrogen in an electrolyzer and grey hydrogen derived from fossil fuels is differentiated (such as natural gas). Hydrogen is safe for atmosphere and can be stored and converted into electricity or heat as required. Green hydrogen is a major component of energy equation and hydrogen is regarded as a primary potential renewable energy resource. It is one of the most important circular carbon economy (CCE) approaches as it is generated using solar energy. It is generated using renewable energy sources as compared to carbon-based energy found in natural gas and other fossil fuels.>

Hydrogen has the versatility of being utilized in mobility, power system, and industrial segments. Green hydrogen and blue hydrogen will be preferred production methods, with significant reduction in cost expected in the future.

The report discusses different types of industrial refrigeration systems and components used for various applications. Industrial refrigeration systems are used for massive freezing and refrigeration plants that are usually involved in food & beverage processing, cold storage, and others. They are also used in the manufacturing industry. The industrial refrigeration market is segmented into offering, component, refrigerant type, application, type and region. On the basis of offering, the market is divided into industrial refrigerator and component. By component, it is segregated into compressor, condenser, evaporator, control, others. Depending on refrigerant type, it is classified into ammonia, carbon dioxide, hydroflurocarbon and others.

Gas meter is used to measure gas usage in residential, industrial, and commercial areas. The report focuses on two kind of gas meters, which include traditional gas meter and smart gas meter. The traditional gas meters only measure gas usage, whereas smart gas meters are responsible for prevention of gas leakage along with gas measurement. Moreover, the report analyzes the current market trends of gas meter in different geographies and suggests the future growth opportunities by analyzing government regulations & policies. The report covers profiles of the key industry participants in the gas meter market such as General Electric, Itron, Elster, Landis+Gyr, ABB, Aclara, and Badger Meter. To understand the market, the drivers, restraints, and opportunities are explained in the report. Furthermore, the key strategies adopted by the potential market leaders such as expansion, mergers, and acquisition to facilitate effective planning are discussed under the scope of the report.

The accelerating pace of electric vehicle adoption has changed the EV ecosystem and has resulted in a challenging EV infrastructure over the past few years. During the forecast period, different scenarios or business models are important to consider and understand the factors that are beneficial or harmful to the EV ecosystem. The EV charging ecosystem depends on four main dimensions – technology, penetration of electric vehicles, regulatory environments, and customer expectation.

There was near-100% compliance toward fleet average fuel economy and emissions. Almost all OEMs met CO2 and fuel-economy targets in the EU and US. All except VW accumulated credits and doubled EV sales in H2 2020 in the EU. VW missed out on its targets by 0.5g/km, resulting in fines of more than €100 million at the rate of €95 per gram of CO2/km above the target. 2 Downsizing and boosting were on the rise. While boosting is most prevalent in the EU, other regions across the globe are now seeing increased penetration. Boosting technology is now subjected to electrification with electrified supercharger or turbocharger, specifically in premium segments, for further optimization of downsizing and energy recovery.

The global push toward electrification and fuel economy is leading to ever-stringent emissions norms. oThis has resulted in some regions already committing to ICE bans. oSome regions are still working toward specific commitments

自今年3 月份以来，碳达峰碳中和“1+N”政策体系被官方多次提及，此 次《意见》作为其中的“1”正式发布。《意见》从顶层设计上明确了做好 碳达峰碳中和工作的主要目标、减碳路径措施及相关配套措施，为日后碳 达峰碳中和行动方案、各重点领域及行业政策措施和行动提供政策支撑。

9 月以来，全球缺电、缺气、缺煤现象愈演愈烈。欧洲各国电价飙升，中国 前期多地拉闸限电，严重影响企业生产和居民生活。 天然气、劢力煤价格一度涨至2019 年同期的4、5 倍，国际油价也创7 年以 来新高。市场担忧1970 年代的“能源危机”和“大滞胀”再临。

我们跟踪的154 只环保及公用行业股票，本周跑输上证指数 2.28 个百分点，年初至今跑赢上证指数13.85 个百分点。本周 文山电力、川能动力、闽东电力分别上涨61.18%、22.57%、 19.23%，表现较好；赣能股份、启迪环境、中环装备分别下跌 11.50%、10.04%、9.12%，表现较差。

2021 年10 月21 日，国家发展改革委、工业和信息化部、生态环境部、 市场监管总局、国家能源局联合发布《关于严格能效约束推动重点领域 节能降碳的若干意见》，同时根据意见制定了《石化化工重点行业严格能 效约束推动节能降碳行动方案（2021-2025 年）》。

事件：10 月24 日，《中共中央 国务院关于完整准确全面贯彻新发展理 念做好碳达峰碳中和工作的意见》发布。 重要顶层设计文件，中央层面实现双碳目标的总体部署。双碳目标是我 国的重大战略决策，与发达国家对比我国实现碳达峰碳中和时间紧任务 重，同时仍需协调经济发展和民生改善。本次文件的出台是中央层面对 碳达峰碳中和这项重大工作的系统谋划和总体部署，进一步提出主要目 标，明确重点任务和实施路径，对完成碳达峰碳中和任务具有重大意义。

全国碳市场开启，低碳产业和碳市场相关业务迎来投资机会；建议关注清洁能源技术、碳监测等业务的相关公司；电价上涨有利于提高电厂的业绩，推荐中国核电、长江电力、国投电力、三峡能源、申能股份。

本章首先介绍了陕西煤业化工集团有限责任公司的基本情况以及“十一五”期间的主要成绩，然后提出其在“十一五”期间的发展总体规划思路和目标，在这之后概括了健全人力资源管理体系等实施措施，并且提出了希望国家和省政府在落实煤炭后备资源等方面给予帮助和政策支持的政策建议。

历史经验表明能源革命会给大国发展带来战略机遇。中国在能源定价权缺失的背景下，应抓住第三次能源革命的历史机遇。本次能源革命表现出能源供给多元化、能源消费低碳化、能源贸易东移化、地缘格局复杂化以及能源定价期货化等特征。中国应该从价格的影响时效、影响强度以及影响范围等三个层面创建能源基准价格的形成机制。基于多变量时间序列单方向因果测度模型考察中国争取石油定价权的真实进程，给出先东亚、再亚洲、然后是世界的定价权争取路径，建议中国油价应该在东亚地区形成优势性机制、在亚洲形成长期性机制、在世界范围内形成优势性和公认性机制。

发展中国家是未来电力消费的重要增长点。随着世界各国对气候协定的落实和“碳中和”目标的提出，发展中国家向可再生能源实现跨越式发展以避免气候危机至关重要。根据国际能源署对能源的分类，可再生能源包括太阳能、风能、水能、生物质能、地热能和潮汐能等。本文主要从发展中国家（不含中国）的太阳能和风能的发展现状、利用案例出发，分析发展中国家如何实现可再生能源跨越式发展。

山西晋城无烟煤矿业集团有限责任公司团煤炭、煤层气、电力、煤化工等产业得到快速发展， 基本形成煤、气、电、化相互关联的产业发展格局，并且将按照“煤、气、电、化” 综合发展、建设环保型绿色矿山中长期发展战略要求，实施落实“十一五”发展规划。