Cellulose is obtained from wood pulp and is explored for its applications as fibers, plastics, films, and several other product types. The fibers, in general, can be classified as follows.

Maritime security is related to the protection of ports and harbors, coastal facilities, vessels, and port critical infrastructure from sabotage and terrorism. It includes advanced technologies to detect hazards and communicate with marine authorities to combat potential threats. Maritime activities continue to broaden beyond the international transport of goods, fishing and aquaculture, recreation and tourism, and extraction of non-renewable marine-based resources. The maritime industry is facing a number of serious threats — such as terrorist attacks, environmental destruction, illegal seaborne immigration, transactional crimes, and piracy — that not only disrupt international trade but also cause political unrest, making the adoption of maritime security crucial for marine authorities.

MNS have software programs, which help to correspond through phone calls, instant messages, e-mails, public address, digital signage, two-way radio, pop-up messages, social media, and app push notifications. To be effective, they should have a strong communication structure that should include enough bandwidth to distribute thousands of messages. Delivery can be visual, audio, or a mixture of the two approaches. The global mass notification systems market will account for a CAGR of 15.62% during the forecast period.

A microarray is an advanced tool used in molecular biology. It allows end-users to conduct high-throughput and highly parallel analyses of more than thousand points of interest that include messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA), genes, and proteins. Microarrays include a broad range of platforms in which high-density assays are conducted parallel on a solid support. The concept of the microarray is based on basepairing hybridization principle (hybridization between nucleic acids).

EO/IR systems are an essential part of military operations. These systems encompass a broad array of distinct technologies that are based on target acquisitions and mission requirements. Such EO/IR systems are used in different military applications like airborne, land-based, and naval. Some of the airborne EO/IR systems are optic sights, observation systems, helmet mounted displays, and night vision systems. Land-based EO/IR systems include night vision goggles, weapon mounted sights, vehicle mounted optronics devices, thermal imagers, laser rangefinders, and designators. Naval based EO/IR systems include thermal imagery systems, infrared imaging and detectors, optronics mast systems, and surveillance and tracking systems. These systems assist in the battlefield with better visibility, tracking, and targeting of enemy locations.

GPS-enabled devices render large amount of assistance to a country's armed forces on battlefields. In addition to performing basic functions such as tracking and navigation, investments are being made to expand the operational range of GPS devices with the incorporation of new software and techniques. In 2015, the military GPS device market was valued at $1.26 billion, of which the airborne GPS devices segment held the major portion with a share of 44.51% and is forecasted to be 43.61% by 2020. The second largest segment, land GPS devices, currently has a share of 25.84%. Its value stood at $324.3 million in 2015 and is expected to reach $393 million (share of 26.05%) by 2020. The weapon systems GPS devices segment is expected to maintain nearly the same percentage of market share (around 17.8%) during the forecast period, with the revenue going up from $224.6 million in 2015 to $268.7 million in 2020. In addition, the market for GPS devices embedded in naval vessels is expected to increase its share from 11.76% in 2015 to 12.53% ($189.1 million in revenue) in 2020.

The field of MI surgery has undergone substantial growth over the past few years. MI surgeries have evolved both in terms of scientific and technical aspects. To perform surgery in such a way that leaves no visible scarring in the surgical area is a challenge for surgeons. The adoption of MI techniques for various surgeries started in 1970, and its applications are expanding at a rapid pace for many therapy areas. Technologies such as imaging guidance, digital fluoroscopy, high-resolution endoscopy, and robotic surgical tools with less invasive approach have become familiar. MI surgeries offer a great benefit over conventional open surgery and it is one of the most demanding procedures.

In the mining industry, one of the greatest challenges is to understand the exact location of the different minerals. An area of interest is mapped to gain the information. This is done by drilling exploratory holes in the ground in a specific pattern. The sample is collected from each drill hole and is qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed for traces of the desired minerals. A potential site can have large quantity of drill holes due to the large size of mines. Hence, many samples are generated, which are analyzed to determine the quality of the ore and the viability of digging. The outcome of such testing can confirm many investment decisions. As a result, accurate, repeatable, and quick analyses are required.

A mobile coupon refers to the electronic ticket that is solicited or delivered by the cell phone that can be exchanged for a financial discount or rebate while making a purchase of a product or service. Generally, the coupons are issued by the manufacturers of customer packed goods and services.

Modular instruments are devices that are used for the configuration of automated T&M equipment. They deliver open-software-defined solutions that offer more flexibility to users in terms of customizing their measurements and interfaces according to their needs. T&M equipment is used for the design, development, verification, maintenance, and repair of various electronic and mechanical products. Some of the electronic products that use T&M equipment are cell phones, semiconductors, digital cameras, MP3 players, and solar inverters. Some of the mechanical products that use T&M equipment are turbines, automotive suspensions, and aircraft propulsion systems. Automated T&M equipment enhances the efficiency, reliability, and accuracy of electronic/mechanical products under focus.