Industrial fasteners are efficient tools used to connect two or more parts of a product, enabling the development of a superior quality and reliable end-product. Various types of industrial fasteners such as externally threaded, standard, and aerospace grade are used across sectors such as automotive, construction, mining, marine, nuclear, petrochemicals, railways, and aerospace. Several application-specific fasteners engineered with higher strength and durability to meet the specific needs of end-users are available in the market.

In the leather production process, tanning is the second step after the preparation of the hide and is followed by the crusting process. The conversion of raw hides or skins into leather is known as tanning. Hides and skins possess the ability to absorb tannic acid and other chemical substances that prevent them from decaying, besides making them resistant to wetting and keeping them durable and supple. The surface of hides and skins contains hair and oil glands and is known as the grain side. The flesh side of the skin or the hide is much thicker and softer compared with the grain side.

Evaporation is a widely adopted process in food processing, chemicals, wastewater, and salvage solvents units to reduce the concentration of liquids. The ultimate aim of the evaporation process is to vaporize the maximum amount of water from a solution to obtain the final product. In the wastewater treatment industry, the purpose of evaporators is to evaporate the reusable water from the unwanted solid contaminants and wastes present and make it suitable for recycling.

A baby warming device is designed to keep the baby warm and provide from basic to a critical care facility in a closed or open environment. There are over 20 million premature babies born every year globally due to low birth weight and other pregnancy-related conditions. The baby warming device needs a constant electric supply and few devices are portable enabling newborns to be kept warm during transport to other emergency care centers. The infant warmer consists of three different parts: a sleeping bag, an electric heater, and a pouch of phase change material. Also, these devices have consistently shown a faster advancement in technology that provides a low-resource setting in remote primary healthcare facilities.

LG was the first player to introduce inverter technology refrigerators in single door format. LG announced in January 2016 that it would be introducing inverter technology in single door refrigerators with 270 liters capacity for Indian customers at an average price of $400. Following this announcement, in February 2016, Samsung announced the extension of its Digital Inverter Compressor, which was previously available only in its frost-free refrigerators, to its Direct Cool Single Door Refrigerator Series. This new range was named the 'Smart Convertible 5-in-1’ range, would include refrigerators with a minimum capacity of 192 liters and be priced at approximately $270. With this LG and Samsung made this technology available to a wider base of consumers.

Owing to the innovative additive manufacturing approaches taken by both the original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and component suppliers, the overall manufacturing cost for aircraft components is anticipated to decrease. This is expected to propel the adoption rates of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology in the production of commercial aircraft parts.The growing adoption of lightweight and fuel-efficient aircraft will also influence the acceptance of 3D printing technology globally. Owing to the substantial investments, the Americas will have the highest market share of 43.56% in 2020,followed by APAC with 31.24%.The increasing efforts to develop miniaturized jet engines will drive the adoption of 3D printing technologies among engine and component manufacturers across the globe. Also, it is expected that there will be increased collaborations among OEMs and computer-aided design (CAD) technology providers, which will ensure further advancements in the existing 3D printing technology.

The major demand for electric wire and cable in India is likely to increase from the railways and construction sectors due to rising government investment. For instance, Government of India (GOI) has allocated a budget of $17.94 billion (2016-2017) for the development of Indian Railways and also targets to develop 100 smart cities in India.The organized sector is expected to account for maximum market share and is likely to increase during the forecast period due to increased demand for highquality wire and cable.The unorganized sector accounts for the maximum market share in the building wire and cable sector. Increased awareness about the quality of wire and cables is expected to decrease the market share of the sector.

The lighting is defined by the type of light source technologies such as incandescent, halogen, CFL, LFL, HID, LED, and OLED. The report examines only four major technologies that are predominantly used in the hospitality sector, which include CFL, LFL, HID, and LED. With the history of different lighting sources such as incandescent lighting, fluorescent lighting, LED lighting, and tungsten photonic lighting, LED lighting is the latest transition, which the industry has adopted. LED lighting devices provide several advantages such as high-intensity brightness, low voltage and current requirements, low radiated heat, high reliability, negligible ultra-violet (UV) rays, and a longer lifespan over the conventional lighting sources.

Bearing balls are spherical and smooth balls that are widely used in applications related to ball bearings, besides being used as components in freewheel mechanisms. The bearing balls are available in different grades as predefined by the American Bearing Manufacturers Association (ABMA), which defines the precision of bearing balls and other type of precision balls.

Most industries include certain safety hazards, which can prove fatal to the employees. The use of PPE protects employees from injuries and helps reduce employer liability along with financial costs. According to the estimates by the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), the return on investment for $1 spent on PPE by an employer is $4 in the form of reduced injuries and improved employee productivity. According to Canadian Standards Association standards, a worksite should be assessed for potential work hazards. Mandatory government regulations and the rising awareness of safety risks prompt employers to purchases PPE.

工信部副部长辛国斌近日表示，我国目前有20多个省市把机 器人作为重点产业来培育，已建成和在建的机器人园区有40 多个，机器人领域有高端产业低端化和低端产品产能过剩的 风险，将制定工业机器人的行业准入条件以提高准入门槛。 此外，《“中国制造2025”分省市指南（2017年）》正在组 织修订并将于近期印发，该指南旨在把《中国制造2025》的 重点任务和各地资源禀赋相结合，避免重复建设。