本报告从能源行业事件分析；竞争环境、竞争对手、行业数据等几个方面进行了分析评论。

报告从主要发电企业集团动态、电力产业环境、国内电网动态、电力设备行业信息、港台电力行业信息、国际动态等几个方面进行了分析评论。

报告从主要发电企业集团动态、电力产业环境、国内电网动态、电力设备行业信息、港台电力行业信息、国际动态等几个方面进行了分析评论。

本报告从能源行业事件分析；竞争环境、竞争对手、行业数据等几个方面进行了分析评论。

报告从行业环境、太阳能、风能、生物质能、新能源汽车等几个方面进行了分析及评论。

Unconventional gas is a natural resource found trapped in coal beds, shale blocks, and tight sands. These gas resources are different from conventional energy in terms of reservoirs, geographical areas, and accumulations of natural gas. Different techniques are applied to extract unconventional gas depending on the field and type of gas to be extracted. A common method is hydraulic fracturing, where a hole is drilled into the rock and large amounts of water are injected at high pressure along with sand and other chemicals to create cracks in the rock. The cracks, when opened, will free the trapped gas allowing it to flow to the wellhead. The three types of unconventional gases are listed in the exhibit below.

Natural gas storage involves the accumulation of natural gas in storage facilities for future consumption. The purpose of storage is to meet the fluctuating energy demand during peak and off-peak seasons. Generally, natural gas is stored during the off-peak season and utilized during the peak season. This reduces the demand and supply gap and increases the reliability of supply.

Floating LNG refers to a system in which a set of operations and processes are performed for the development of offshore-based natural gas reserves. These systems are mainly used for the production, liquefaction, storage, and transfer of LNG from offshore gas reserves to onshore areas. The floating LNG facility produces LNG directly on the offshore floating system, where it undergoes different processes, is stored in vessels or tanks, and is finally transported to the land. The entire value chain of the floating LNG system is shorter than that of the common onshore LNG system. All the equipment, facilities, and other processes in a floating system take place in a single enclosed structure thereby using just one-third of the space required by a normal LNG system. The use of floating LNG systems eliminates the need for long distance pipelines and onshore infrastructure and therefore ultimately reduces the disturbance to the surrounding environment and minimizes the development costs to a large extent.

Hydraulic pumps are mechanical devices that convert mechanical energy into hydraulic or hydrostatic energy. They operate on the displacement principle, wherein a vacuum is created at the pump outlet, inducing a force which drives the liquid from the reservoir into the inlet line. With the aid of further mechanical action, the liquid is transferred to the outlet and eventually into the hydraulic system. These systems are used in hydraulic drive systems, which can either be hydrostatic or hydrodynamic. A hydraulic machine, together with a pump, performs tasks such as lifting, lowering, closing, opening, or rotating components. It is a source of power for dynamic machines and equipment.

河流流量在自然条件下大多都有一定的非恒定特性，它是河道演变的重要动力因素。为了增加流量非恒定性对河道演变规律的认识，课题开展了概化的物理模型河流试验，对不同流量过程作用下河道地形的变化进行了精细测量。模型试验包括三个组次：恒定流量试验、突变流量试验和渐变流量试验。突变流量试验和渐变流量试验的结果以恒定流量试验作为参考进行对比分析。试验结果表明：①在上游斜道和二次流作用下河道发展出滩槽结构，浅滩包括两个部分，滩面较高的部分起到导流的作用，使得水流主流蜿蜒向前，并保护了滩面较低的浅滩不受主流侵蚀作用；②流量的非恒定特性使得原有的滩槽结构不断破坏，岸滩变得平整，主流变浅；③具有较大流量波动强度（均方差）的流量过程具有更强的岸滩冲刷能力，使得河道展宽增加。

影响河道泥沙输移效率的因素众多，如水沙协调性、泥沙组成、引水规模、河道形态等。引水对河道泥沙输移会造成增淤或减淤，其增减淤量随水沙条件、分流比、河道边界等因素而变化，本文从黄河泥沙输移规律出发，探讨了不同水沙和冲淤条件下，引水规模对黄河冲积性河道泥沙冲淤调整的影响，量化了增（减）淤判数与分流比、泥沙输移比之间的关系。成果对黄河引水方案的科学制定及引水工程的运行调度具有参考价值。