报告从政策环境、市场行情、厂商动态、科技研发、国际资讯、行业数据、分析评论等几个方面对医药行业进行了分析评论。

报告从产业动态、产业分析、技术趋势、企业跟踪、地方动向等几个方面对生物科技产业进行了分析评论。

报告从医药行业事件分析、竞争环境、竞争对手、行业数据等几个方面进行了分析评论。

首诊不去社区医院，直接越级去市级、省级大医院，有可能无法进行医保报销，只能自费治疗。而通过基层医院转诊去大医院的患者，则可享受优先就诊、优先检查、优先住院等便利。

14 日，北京正式出台《关于继续深化医药卫生体制改革的若干意见》。北京市医改办主任韩晓芳在当日举行的发布会上表示，《意见》是对北京医改未来5 至8 年的总体设计，今后将以此为依据确定每年的医改年度任务，推进每项专项改革。

The protein crystallography technique is used to determine the three-dimensional structure of proteins. Various types of protein crystallography techniques include X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy, cryo-electron microscopy, and gel-electrophoresis. With the use of crystallography techniques, the number of crystal structures deposited in the PDB has been increased over the last years. The crystallography technique has wide application in many industries such as Pharmaceutical, Cosmetics, and Food. Despite the structural complexity of proteins, the crystallography technique facilitates structure-based drug design to target biological molecules specifically. This technique has led to effective treatments for many diseases by the discovery of new antibiotics, drugs, and vaccines.

H1N1 influenza (zoonotic) is an infectious disease in humans caused by the H1N1 virus. The H1N1 virus infects the nose, throat, and lungs of the host. It is an RNA virus and a type of influenza A virus belonging to the Orthomyxoviridae family. Influenza A viruses can infect different animal species such as humans, swine, birds, seals, and horses. On the basis of the antigenicity of their surface glycoproteins, influenza A viruses can be subdivided into neuraminidase and hemagglutinin. The hemagglutinin component is used by the virus to bind to host cell receptors, thereby facilitating viral entry into the host cell. The neuraminidase protein enzymatically cleaves terminal sialic acid residues from mucins, thereby allowing the virus to reach underlying cells in the respiratory tract. The elderly, young children, and people with medical conditions such as liver disorders, blood disorders, kidney disorders, chronic lung disease, asthma, and neurodevelopmental and neurological conditions are more susceptible to the infection. Influenza vaccines are administered for active immunization against the influenza virus, conferring protection against the disease. Vaccination of high-risk groups prevents unnecessary hospitalizations and premature deaths because of the disease.

Pancreatic cancer is a cancer which starts from the cells of the pancreas, a glandular organ. The pancreas functions as both an exocrine and an endocrine gland. Cells in the exocrine pancreas secrete digestive enzymes into the small intestine. The endocrine pancreas produces hormones, such as glucagon and insulin, which influence glucose metabolism. Based on the site of initiation, pancreatic cancer is classified into exocrine and endocrine pancreatic cancer. When pancreatic cancer cells spread to other parts of the body, it is known as metastatic pancreatic order. The incidence and mortality rate of pancreatic cancer is higher in men than in women. SEER projected the number of new cases for pancreatic cancer in the US, in 2014, to be 46,420, accounting for 2.8 percent of new cancer cases. It also estimates that in 2014, 39,590 deaths, accounting for 6.8 percent of the total cancer deaths in the US, would be due to pancreatic cancer.

Organ preservation solutions help preserve organs for a longer period when they are outside the body. The preservation of organs is done for various applications such as organ transplantation, and drug discovery and development. Preservation solutions and methods play an important role in in vitro organ viability. The solution and method used depends on application, e.g., Perfadex is an ideal solution for lung preservation. The most widely used organ preservation methods are SCS and machine perfusion.

There is no cure for metastatic breast cancer, which kills 40,000 American women (and 500 men) each year: all presently available treatments are palliative. Gene therapy techniques are used to introduce chimeric immunoglobulin-T cell receptors (IgTCR) into autologous patient T cells to create designer T cells that redirect the T cell immune system in a new type of immuno-gene therapy against breast cancer. Designer T cells have been created against the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) that is prominently present on many metastatic breast tumors (30-60). This exceeds the fraction that are Her2/neu overexpressing (20-25), making CEA an even better immune target for attacking breast cancer. Building on a prior study of CEA designer T cells in breast and colon cancer, 2nd generation designer T cells were created by incorporating into the IgTCR a CD28 co-stimulation cassette that was shown to oppose activation-induced cell death (AICD) of the T cells after tumor contact. This advanced generation modification leads to improved designer T cell survival and improved anti-tumor potency in preclinical models. Although the 2nd generation designer T cells produce interleukin 2 (IL2) growth factor on contact with tumor, interleukin 2 (IL2) supplementation is anticipated still to be required for optimal clinical therapeutic effect. However, the CBER/FDA has mandated a Phase I.

The research goals of this grant proposal are to: (1) investigate the effect of ETS gene fusions on radiation phenotype in pre-clinical models of prostate cancer, (2) to explore the mechanism of interaction between ERG (the predominant ETS gene fusion product) and the DNA repair protein DNA-PK, and (3) to determine if ETS gene fusion status is a clinical biomarker of radioresistance for prostate cancer. The training goals of this grant proposal included a series of regular meetings with mentors, research seminars, journal clubs, and workshops, all of which are intended to help Dr. Feng develop as a translational scientist. This grant proposal was approved as a five-year award; the current annual report summarizes accomplishments over the second year of the grant, from July 15, 2011 to July 15, 2012. Overall, the first two years of this grant have been very successful. The work accomplished as a result of this grant resulted in two publications in very high impact journals, four national presentations, and three grants (two from the Prostate Cancer Foundation and one from Celgene). Additionally, Dr. Feng has met the training achievements specified in his original grant. The research proposed in this training grant represents an important area within the field of prostate cancer research. Because ETS gene fusions are thought to be driver alterations in over half of all prostate cancers, understanding the mecha-nistic and potential clinical implications of these gene fusions has significant ramifications, particularly in the context of radiation therapy, which represents a primary treatment modality for localized prostate cancer. In the second year of this grant period, we have generated bioluminescent ETS+ and ETS- cells in three different prostate cancer cell lines, and we havereceived institutional approval to proceed with the proposed animal studies and human biomarker tissue studies.

Operation brain trauma therapy (OBTT) is a multicenter, pre-clinical, drug screening and brain injury biomarker development consortium for TBI. OBTT includes investigators at the Safar Center (University of Pittsburgh), the University of Miami, WRAIR, Virginia Commonwealth University, and Banyan Biomarkers. Three rodent models (controlled cortical impact, parasagittal fluid percussion, and penetrating ballistic-like brain injury) are used for drug screening with the most promising candidates tested in a micropig model. We have completed studies with nicotinamide, erypthropoietin (EPO), and cyclosporine-A (CsA), and have just begun testing of simvastatin. We plan to test Minocycline and levetiracetam this year of funding. Studies with nicotinamide suggest some benefit of 50 mg/kg on motor outcomes, but variable benefit on cognitive outcomes. Studies with EPO did not appear promising. Studies with CsA have been completed; data analysis is ongoing. Studies of the serum brain injury biomarker GFAP from these rats have provided the first ever cross-model biomarker comparison and suggest that GFAP may be useful for drug screening, since nicotinamide treatment significantly reduced serum GFAP levels in two models. A consortium overview was published in Journal of Trauma and numerous abstracts were presented at the 2011 ATACCC, the 2012 NNT congress, and the 2012 MHSRS conference.