2017年1月，美国能源信息署发布了《2017年美国年度能源展望：2050年能源供需形势预测》报告。该报告采用建模的方法，综合考虑全球油价、经济增速、通胀率、技术进步、能源政策等不同背景，对2050年之前美国能源市场进行了预测。报告认为，得益于生产力的强劲增长和相对平缓的需求量，美国将成为能源净出口国。报告还对石油、天然气、电力、交通、建筑、工业等重点能源供给和消费端的发展趋势，进行了详尽的预测。赛迪智库工业节能与环保研究所对该报告进行了编译，期望对我国有关部门有所帮助。

当前，我国新材料生产应用脱节问题比较突出，制约了国产新材料技术和产业的发展，对材料企业、下游用户企业和产业安全等产生了不利影响。为此，工业和信息化部拟牵头成立若干新材料生产应用示范平台。由于国内至今没有生产应用平台建设的先例，所以新材料生产应用示范平台建设过程中会面临很多新的挑战，遇到很多新问题。

2016年中国光伏产业计划新增装机量23.26GW，2016年实际新增装机量高达34.54GW，同比增长128.3%，远远超过计划装机量。2016年中国逆变器市场规模增至81.31亿元，市场规模与2015年相比上升75.1%。

4 月 9 日，国家能源局发布关于印发《光伏扶贫电站管理办法》的通知。通知指出：明确了光伏扶贫电站其产权归村集体所有，全部收益用于扶贫。且不得负债建设，企业不得投资入股。电站建设方面，应符合国家相关规程规范和技术要求，主要设备应采用国家资质检测认证机构认证的产品，鼓励采用到“领跑者”技术指标的先进技术。消纳方面，明确光伏扶贫项目优先调度，全额消纳。补贴方面，执行国家光伏扶贫价格政策，不参与竞价，优先纳入补贴录，原则上次年一季度前发放到位。

从2011年开始，国际能源署每年发布全球清洁能源进展报告。本期刊登的是该署2017年6月发布的《2017全球清洁能源进展报告》。本年度报告在常规性地跟踪清洁能源领域26项技术（包括能源供应、能源需求和能源供应三大类在可再生能源、工业、交通和建筑四大领域的应用技术）进展情况及未来方向的基础上，首次发布全球新清洁能源创新进展情况，并对清洁能源创新和投资提出建议，以帮助政府和企业建立更清洁、持续发展程度更高的能源体系。赛迪智库工业节能与环保研究所对该报告进行了编译，期望对我国有关部门有所帮助。

德国是全球能源转型的先行者与可再生能源发展的领头羊，2015年可再生能源消费量占总电力消费的比例达到31.6%，且弃风弃光率仅为1%左右。目前，我国非水可再生能源虽然发展迅速，但其发电量占总发电量的比例不足5%，并且弃风、弃光率分别达到了21%和12%。借鉴德国可再生能源发展经验，对我国实现2020年非水可再生能源电力发电量占比达到9%以上的目标具有重要意义。

Bulgaria's energy market remains a comparatively challenging place to operate with continued cases of fraud being investigated in both the upstream issuance of licences, and in the transparency of downstream exports. Bulgaria's Commission for Protection of Competition (CPC) opened a formal investigation in February 2016 against seven petrol and diesel fuel retailers in addition to the Neftochim refinery. These retailers are suspected of entering a price-fixing cartel and abusing its dominant market position on the wholesale market. Following the eight month investigation, the CPC said in October 2016 that it had found evidence of a cartel agreement between fuel retailers Shell Bulgaria, OMV Bulgaria, NIS Petrol, Eco Bulgaria, Lukoil Bulgaria and local petrol distributor Petrol. Nevertheless, no mention was made of the Lukoil Neftochim refinery. In May 2017, Neftochim was cleared from the investigation, with no signs of wrongdoing.

Croatia approved a legal framework for exploration of oil and production of oil and gas in 2013. The Hydrocarbons Exploration and Production Act (ZIEU) framework was aligned with EU oil and gas regulations. The Mining Act (ZR), which also came into effect in 2013, is another key regulatory framework governing the oil and gas sector.

In 2002, the government dismantled the monopoly-holding State Power Corporation, breaking it into separate units of generation, transmission and service. Since the reform, China's electricity generation sector has been dominated by five state-controlled holding companies: China Huaneng Group, China Datang Group, China Huadian, China Guodian Corporation and State Power Investment Corporation. Between them, they manage about 80% of generating capacity. Much of the remainder is in the hands of independent power producers, often in partnership with privately listed arms of the state companies. Deregulation and other reforms have opened the electricity sector to foreign investment, although this has so far been limited.

Colombia's business environment in the oil and gas sector improved over the past decade, particularly due to the partial privatisation of state-owned Ecopetrol in 2003. The government's attempts to improve the country's security situation, particularly regarding the Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC) guerrilla group, also led to increased foreign investment into the country over the past decade, translating into record oil and gas production growth. Continued progress, however, has grown increasingly tenuous as a result of weak below-ground rewards amid a lower oil price environment. With large direct investments still needed to ensure growth within the sector, we note that less favourable project economics will undermine private sector investment over the coming decade. Furthermore, while attacks on oil pipelines have declined versus years past as a result of the ongoing FARC disarmament, such disturbances continue to negatively impact the investment appeal of Colombia's hydrocarbon resources.

The Law on Subsoil and Subsoil Use (Subsoil Use Law) is the key legislation governing oil and gas exploration and production in Kazakhstan. The law was amended several times, most notably in 2010. The Law notably establishes strict local content requirements. It also establishes the government's right to pre-empt any sale of oil and gas assets.

In the first half of 2017, Brazil’s economy reached a turning point, exiting from the deepest recession in decades. The economy was supported by a record-high agricultural harvest and an uptick in consumption, as a result of lower inflationary pressures, decreasing borrowing costs and positive sentiments over the adopted government reforms. Based on these fundamentals, in October 2017, the IMF raised its growth estimates for Brazil’s economy from 0.3% to 0.75% in 2017, and from 1.3% to 1.5% in 2018. The institution defended the government drive towards fiscal sustainability, including the adopted public spending cap in December 2016 and the ongoing pension reform, as key measures for the recovery of confidence and private sector investment. Nevertheless, economic growth is projected to remain subdued in the medium term, at about 2% per year through 2022, mainly due to the recent rise in political instability that poses risks to the government’s reform agenda. New corruption investigations surrounding top government officials coupled with the upcoming general elections in October 2018, are rapidly closing the window for legislative action. Notably, reforms of the pension system, public healthcare, tax code, and infrastructure concessions regime are seen as essential to support macroeconomic stability, secure confidence and bring the economy back to its potential.

核电具有清洁高效、安全稳定、经济性好等特点，是一种可以承担电网基本负 荷的优质清洁能源。经过四十多年的发展，我国核电建设从无到有，成功建设 了一批采用第二代技术的核电站，掌握了国际主流的第三代核电技术，在第四 代核电技术上也取得了突破性进展。截止目前，我国在运核电机组 38 台，在运装机容量位居世界第三，在建核电机组 19 台，在建装机容量位居世界第一。

核能作为一种安全、清洁、可靠、高效的能源，是我国重要的基荷电源，在此背景下，核电也在逐步参与电力市场直接交易，但电力直接交易的规则尚不完备，导致了核电机组经济性的非合理性下降，同时也对实现我国的能源结构调整和减排目标造成不利的影响。本文通过分析国家核电相关产业政策、核电机组电价成本和定价机制，提出了解决核电机组参与电力市场直接交易中关于电量和上网电价存在问题的基本方向和思路，以实现核电在电力市场化趋势下的健康可持续发展。