An increase in the demand for energy worldwide has increased onshore oil and gas E&P activities. Increased industrialization along with rapid growth in the population has led to a rise in global oil and gas consumption. The application of advanced technologies to enhance reservoir recovery has helped in increasing production from brown field sites and unconventional oil and gas resources.
Green tire will account for more than 20% of China’s overall tire market in 2015, ten times the level in 2010, while the number is expected to jump to 60% by 2020 as a result of increasingly stricter regulations in the export market.
Well cementing is the process of giving structural support to the wellbore by introducing cement in the annulus between the casing and the wellbore or between two successive casings. The primary purposes of wellbore cementing are:
Drilling involves the boring of a hole in the earth's surface for extraction of oil and gas. The holes drilled for the extraction of oil are known as oil wells. These wells are created by drilling a hole of 12 cm to 1 m in diameter with a drill rig, which rotates the drill string with other downhole drilling tools attached to it. Drilling downhole tools facilitate the drilling process and counter challenges associated with drilling such as extreme depth, high temperature, and pressure difference. These tools guide or steer wells through a small reservoir by changing the trajectory of the well. Currently, a variety of downhole drilling tools are available in the market that can be used in BHA. Some drilling tools are unique and specific to a particular drilling operation while others are generic in nature and can be used for multiple purposes.