2014年的Gartner 新兴技术曲线显示大数据已经从炒作高峰进入到5-10年的稳定发展期；2015年大数据已经从该曲线消失，意味着已经成为主流技术。

“人类已经从IT时代步入DT(Data Technology)时代，我们正在努力让数据和计算能力成为普惠经济的基础。”

云计算是使用分布式的方法，针对海量数据大计算的一种解决方案，是用足够的低成本、商业化的模式来解决大数据计算的问题。如果没有计算能力，我们谈不上大数据的时代，谈不上海量数据的高效应用。

即使数字化发展对中国零售业的影响仅局限于电子商务，其所带来的挑战也足以让大多数零售商疲于应对。如果仅是如此也就罢了。随着新科技迅速进入中国消费者生活的中心，中国数字化市场也随之呈现出爆炸式增长。

Diagnostic wearable medical devices are used to monitor, control, and track an individual's vital signs at regular intervals. These devices are connected to an individual’s body for the measurement of certain physiological information. They are available in the form of eyeglasses, watch, clothing, jewelry, and contact lenses. Diagnostic wearable medical devices monitor physiological data through remote or wireless communication and transmit this information to medical professionals or the user. These are autonomous, non-invasive devices that help assess specific medical functions such as blood pressure, body temperature, respiratory rate, glucose quantity, heart rate, and blood oxygen saturation. These devices also help determine parameters such as the heart rate, muscle activity, and calories burned during exercise and activities such as walking and jogging.

The demand for security technologies is increasing with an increase in the number of criminal activities related to critical infrastructures in the oil and gas, healthcare, banking, financial services, and government sectors. There is a necessity for reliable and accessible law enforcement software. The adoption of law enforcement software is gaining prominence in a number of application areas such as criminal investigations, identity verifications, jail management, border control, and drug and human trafficking.

A military action that involves the use of electromagnetic (EM) emission and directs energy to gain control over the EM spectrum (EMS) or to assail the enemy can be termed as Electronic Warfare (EW). The aim of EW is to deny the opponent the advantage of and facilitate access to the EMS. It can be initiated from land, sea, air, and space by manned and unmanned systems, and can target communications, radar, people, or other assets.

党的十八届五中全会公报提出要实施“国家大数据战略”，标志着大数据战略正式上升为我国的国家战略，开启了我国大数据建设的新篇章。在大数据时代，我国需要以“数字立国”的战略魄力，适应经济新常态，开拓网络大格局。同时，我们要清醒地看到，“大数据”之“大”，不仅仅在于其“大容量”，更在于其具有“大价值”和“大利益”，带来的“大挑战”，对社会的“大影响”，以及将会引发社会“大变革”的力量。因此，“数字立国”必须在法治的轨道上运行，才能保障大数据依法运行，为我所用，造福于国家和人民。

2000 年以来，牛文元参事领导的中科院团队关注网络安全与社会治理，形成了“一理论三方法五工具”的系统格局，即一个理论：社会燃烧理论；三个方法：三度法、超网法、全波网分析法；五个工具：敏感词库与专家先验会商厅，中央重大政策颁发前的沙盘推演，社会舆论干预机制仿真模拟器，社会情绪与国民心理版图，网络谣言识别预警器。