PPIs are drugs whose main mechanism is to inhibit the secretion of acid by the stomach, thus helping in reducing the symptoms of various acid-related diseases. Proton pump, also known as hydrogen and potassium adenosine triphosphatase (H/K ATPase), is an enzyme that catalyzes the final production of acid in the parietal cells of the stomach. Inhibition of this enzyme leads to decreased acid secretion.

Ultrapure water is the water treated to obtain the highest purity levels for use in critical cleaning and process feed applications. Ultrapure water is primarily used in the semiconductor industry, power plants, and the healthcare sector. It is obtained by combining several filtering techniques, including reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration, and ion exchange. The processes for obtaining ultrapure water are monitored by stringent specifications and standards formulated by regulatory bodies.

Research and Development outsourcing is defined as the outsourcing of non-physical engineering R and D tasks, such as simulation, design, and consultation, to third-party service providers or specialized vendors. These vendors help enterprises enhance efficiency, improve different processes, and reduce the time to market for products.

A bioreactor is a manufactured or engineered device or system that supports a biologically active environment, which could include the growth of cells and tissues in a cell culture process.