关键词：机械；催化；核电

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The aluminum nanoparticles (Al NPs) are demonstrated to serve as active photothermal media, to enhance and control local photothermal energy deposition via the photothermal effect activated by localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and amplified by Al NPs oxidation. The activation source is a 2-AA-battery-powered xenon flash lamp. The extent of the photothermally activated movement of Al NPs can be approx. 6 mm. Ignition delay can be approx. 0.1 ms. Both scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy measurements of motion-only and after-ignition products confirm significant Al oxidation occurs through sintering and bursting after the flash exposure. Simulations suggest local heat generation is enhanced by LSPR. The positive- feedback effects from the local heat generation amplified by Al oxidation produce a large increase in local temperature and pressure, which enhances movement and accelerates ignition.

关键词：电池能源；光热光谱分析；等离子体

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A Forward Operating Base (FOB) is designed to support combat operations in an austere environment, which often lacks pre-existing infrastructure. On-site diesel generators are the primary source of FOB electricity. Traditionally, each generator is connected to its own set of loads and operates independently from other generators. The benefits of transitioning from traditional generator employment to an alternative architecture using an Energy Management System (EMS) were investigated in this thesis. The EMS provides an interface between power sources, loads, and energy storage elements to form a microgrid. Using power electronics and programmable logic, the EMS provides capabilities such as power source selection, power metering, flow control, and peak power management. These capabilities enable more efficient generator utilization by matching real-time load demand to the smallest capable power source, reducing overall fuel consumption. The EMS offers redundancy as it can connect any one of multiple power sources to critical loads. A hardware- based laboratory experiment demonstrated the ability to transition from one power source to another while providing uninterrupted current to the load. The results of the experiment validate a Simulink model of the EMS. An example load profile was applied to the model to compare overall fuel consumption between the traditional architecture and the EMS-enabled microgrid.

关键词：柴油燃料；发电机；能源管理

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A low voltage,low power up-conversion mixer is presented here for 2.4GHz wireless sensor networks (WSN).It was based on a double-balanced Gilbert cell type.The current-reuse technique was used to reduce the power consumption and negative-resistance compensation technique was used to improve the conversion gain.The mixer was designed in 0.18μm RF CMOS technology,and was simulated with Cadence SpectreRF.The simulation results indicate that the conversion gain is 6.37dB,the noise figure is 15.36dB and the input 1dB compression point is -10.3dBm,while consuming 1mA current for operating voltage at 1V.

关键词：混频器；电流再利用；低电压；低功耗

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The ultimate goal of this project is to develop a viable C-coating process of the current collector in order to improve the overall power performance of the electrode of Li-ion batteries. During this third-year period, the performance of different thickness of carbon coating on Al foil is compared. The result shows that only the samples with sufficient thickness to form conductive channel on the surface would give a positive effect on the performance. Scale up of this coating process is further developed to make 1.5 m long C-coated tape by a contentious process followed with a special batch thermal process called roll-calcination. The same positive effects seen on small samples have been reproduced.

关键词：碳涂层电流收集器；化学汽相淀积；锂离子二次电池；蓄电池

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A pre-irradiation grafting method is a fascinating technique for direct introduction of new functional graft polymers (grafts) into polymer substrates without any damages. The radiation technique has been widely applied to the preparation of high performance fuel cell polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) for mobile electricities, vehicles, and domestic co-generation systems. The PEMs of aromatic hydrocarbon polymers, so-called "super engineering plastics" including poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK), have useful characteristics such as high mechanical strength, gas barrier property, and radiation resistance. Thus, in this work, we investigated the humidity dependence of proton conductivity and mechanical strength at 80 ℃ and relative humidity (RH) from 30 to 95%, which are the most important characteristics for power generation efficiency and durability under real operating conditions in fuel cell systems.

关键词：燃料电池；电解质材料；聚合物

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Nanostructured materials have attracted great attention in recent time because of their innovative characteristics and potential applications in the fields of catalysis, drug delivery, sensors and pollution abatement measures. Stabilized metal nanoparticles (size ＜ 10 nm) with very active surface atoms, high selectivity and recyclability have lead to a new generation of 'Nanocatalysts' for sustainable green chemistry for industrial applications like fine and bulk chemicals, Pharmaceuticals, fuel cell, petroleum refineries, environmental catalysis and many other fields. The present chapter summarizes the techniques for preparations, characterizations, and catalytic activities of different metals nanoparticles for organic transformations.

关键词：新型电池；燃料电池；纳米材料

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A system for non-venting thermal control for spacesuits was built by integrating two previously developed technologies, namely NASA's Spacesuit Water Membrane Evaporator (SWME), and Creare's flexible version of the Lithium Chloride Absorber Radiator (LCAR). This SEAR system was tested in relevant thermal vacuum conditions. These tests show that a 1 sq m radiator having about three times as much absorption media as in the test article would be required to support a 7 hour spacewalk. The serial flow arrangement of the LCAR of the flexible version proved to be inefficient for venting non-condensable gas (NCG). A different LCAR packaging arrangement was conceived wherein the Portable Life Support System (PLSS) housing would be made with a high-strength carbon fiber composite honeycomb, the cells of which would be filled with the chemical absorption media. This new packaging reduce the mass and volume impact of the SEAR on the Portable Life Support System (PLSS) compared to the flexible design. A 0.2 sq m panel with flight-like honeycomb geometry is being constructed and will be tested in thermal and thermal vacuum conditions. Design analyses forecast improved system performance and improved NCG control. A flight-like regeneration system also is also being built and tested. Design analyses for the structurally integrated prototype as well as the earlier test data show that SEAR is not only practical for spacesuits but also has useful applications in spacecraft thermal control.

关键词：蒸发器；便携式生命保障系统；航天服

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The electrodes in Unitized Reversible Fuel Cell system with supported platinum carbon black are reported.However, the electrodes in the system is consist two internal modes; it is electrolyzer and fuel cell mode.A Unitized Reversible Fuel Cell has dual function electrodes are joined in the same cell to reduce the volume and improvement efficiency performance.The electrodes of Unitized Reversible Fuel Cells operating on hydrogen and oxygen which have as high as efficiency at most the applications.Therefore, This article is concentrated on the preparation of bifunctional electrodes as design and material with low platinum loading and supported by platinum carbon black and characterization by using scanning electron microscopy.As well as, survey the latest literature on bifunctional electrodes and electrocatalysts to identify the major problems occur in design of the URFC electrodes.

关键词：可逆燃料电池；铂金；电极；电催化剂；催化剂层

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The work during this period brought our efforts to realize a 64-kbit hybrid Josephson-CMOS memory for 4K operation to a successful conclusion. The memory inputs and outputs are at the several-millivolt level. The inputs are first amplified to 60 mV using Suzuki stacks; these signals drive CMOS comparators, the outputs of which are at volt level, as required by the commercially manufactured 65 nm CMOS memory array. Final designs were fabricated and tested. The access time is less than 400 ps and the read power dissipation is less than 10 mW. A side project was performed to evaluate the concept for a novel wholly Josephson memory proposed by a Japanese memory expert. We found that the proposed memory cell has inadequate design margins. We realized the other goal of the project, which was to analyze the factors limiting Josephson memories. Presentations for the Applied Superconductivity Conference (ASC) in October 2012 were prepared and presented. Publications resulted. We also brought together an international group of 30 cryogenic memory researchers in a post-ASC workshop at UC Berkeley for more discussions. And presentations were made at the Superconductive Electronics Conference (ISEC) in July 2013.

关键词：电路；互补型金属氧化物半导体；低温

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